Scanning optical apparatus and image forming apparatus using the same

ABSTRACT

A scanning optical device including: a light source unit; a first optical element that inputs a light flux emitted from the light source unit to output the light flux; a second optical element that converts the light flux emitted from the first optical element into a longitudinal linear image in a main scanning direction; a deflection element that deflects the light flux emitted from the second optical element for scanning; a third optical element that guides the light flux deflected by the deflection element to a surface to be scanned; a synchronous detection element that obtains a synchronous signal; and a fourth optical element that guides the light flux from the deflection element to the synchronous detection element, in which the second optical element and the fourth optical element are independent of each other; and in the case where a point at which a main light beam traveling toward a scanning center on the surface to be scanned is deflected by the deflection element is assumed as a reference point, the second optical element is located at a position which is farther from the reference point than the fourth optical element.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to a scanning optical device and an imageforming apparatus using the same. In particular, the present inventionrelates to a scanning optical device suitable for an image formingapparatus such as a laser beam printer, a digital copying machine, or amultifunction printer, which has, for example, an electrophotographicprocess, in which a light flux emitted from light source means isdeflected on an optical deflector (polygon mirror) serving as adeflection element and then a surface to be scanned is scanned with thelight flux through a scanning optical element having an fθcharacteristic to thereby record image information.

2. Related Background Art

Up to now, in a scanning optical device used for a laser beam printer(LBP) or the like, image recording is conducted through the followingprocess. A light flux which is modulated according to an image signal inlight source means and emitted therefrom is periodically deflected on,for example, an optical deflector composed of a rotating polygonalmirror (polygon mirror). Then, the deflected light flux is converged ina spot shape onto a photosensitive recording medium (photosensitivedrum) by a scanning optical element having an fθ characteristic, tothereby scan the surface of the recording medium is scanned with thelight flux.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing a main part of a conventionalscanning optical device. In FIG. 8, a divergent light flux emitted fromlight source means 91 is converted into a substantially parallel lightflux by a collimator lens 92. The substantially parallel light flux (theamount of light) is limited by an aperture stop 93 and incident into acylindrical lens 94 having refractive power only in the sub scanningdirection. Of the substantially parallel light flux incident into thecylindrical lens 94, a light flux within the main scanning section exitsfrom the cylindrical lens 94 without being changed in its optical state;a light flux within the sub scanning section is converged and imaged asa substantially linear image near a deflection surface 95 a of anoptical deflector 95 composed of a rotating polygonal mirror (polygonmirror).

The light flux which is reflected and deflected on the reflectionsurface 95 a of the optical deflector 95 is guided onto a photosensitivedrum surface 97 serving as a surface to be scanned through a scanningoptical element (scanning lens system) 96 having an fθ characteristicwhile the optical deflector 95 is rotated in a direction indicated by anarrow A. Accordingly, the photosensitive drum surface 97 is scanned withthe light flux in a direction indicated by an arrow B (main scanningdirection) to thereby record image information.

At this time, a part of the light flux (BD light flux), which isreflected and deflected on the optical deflector 95, is returned using asynchronous detection mirror (BD mirror) 81 through the scanning lenssystem 96 and incident into synchronous detection unit 84. Thesynchronous detection unit 84 includes: a slit (BD slit) 82 serving assynchronous position determining means which is located at a positionoptically equivalent to the photosensitive drum surface 97; and asynchronous detection element (BD sensor) 83. A timing of a writingstart position (scanning start position) on the photosensitive drumsurface 97 in the main scanning direction is adjusted based on asynchronous signal obtained from the synchronous detection unit 84.Therefore, a scanning line is produced on the photosensitive drumsurface 97 to conduct image recording.

In recent years, with a tendency of size reduction of the main body ofthe image forming apparatus, a compact optical system is required forthe scanning optical device. In particular, the synchronous detectionoptical system (BD optical system) that adjusts the timing of thescanning start position is desired to be more compact because of alimitation on leading of electric wirings from the BD sensor and alimitation on arrangements in a casing (optical box).

In general, the BD optical system uses a portion (end) of the scanninglens, images a part of the light flux (BD light flux) deflected on theoptical deflector at a position where the BD sensor is disposed or inthe vicinity thereof to adjust the timing of the scanning startposition.

An example in which a size of such BD optical system is reduced isdisclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent No. 3254367. Japanese PatentNo. 3254367 discloses an optical system in which the synchronousdetection optical element (BD lens) is composed of an independentanamorphic lens and the BD lens is disposed at a position further apartfrom the optical deflector than the scanning lens.

The optical system according to Japanese Patent No. 3254367 is effectivein reducing a size of the BD optical system and a cost thereof. However,because the BD lens is disposed at a position farther apart from theoptical deflector than the scanning lens, the distance between the BDlens and the BD sensor becomes shorter. Thus, there is a problem in thatthe synchronous detection cannot be conducted with high precision.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

An object of the present invention is to provide a scanning opticaldevice having a compact and simple structure, in which the couplingefficiency of a collimator lens can be improved without reducing theprecision of synchronous detection of a scanning start position on asurface to be scanned, and to provide an image forming apparatus usingthe scanning optical device.

A scanning optical apparatus according to the present inventionincludes:

light source means;

a first optical element that inputs a light flux emitted from the lightsource means to output the light flux;

a second optical element that converts the light flux emitted from thefirst optical element into a longitudinal linear image in a mainscanning direction;

a deflection element that deflects the light flux emitted from thesecond optical element for scanning;

a third optical element that guides the light flux deflected by thedeflection element to a surface to be scanned;

a synchronous detection element that obtains a synchronous signal; and

a fourth optical element that guides the light flux deflected by thedeflection element to the synchronous detection element,

in which the second optical element and the fourth optical element areindependent of each other, and

in a case where a point at which a main light beam traveling toward ascanning center on the surface to be scanned is deflected by thedeflection element is assumed as a reference point, the second opticalelement is located at a position which id farther from the referencepoint than the fourth optical element.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a main scanning sectional view showing Embodiment 1 of thepresent invention;

FIG. 2 is a sub scanning sectional view showing Embodiment 1 of thepresent invention;

FIG. 3 is a main scanning sectional view showing Embodiment 2 of thepresent invention;

FIG. 4 is a sub scanning sectional diagram showing an image formingapparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a main scanning sectional view showing Embodiment 3 of thepresent invention;

FIG. 6 is a sub scanning sectional view showing Embodiment 3 of thepresent invention;

FIG. 7 is a sub scanning sectional diagram showing a color image formingapparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention; and

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a main part of a conventional scanningoptical device.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

(Embodiment 1)

FIG. 1 is a main part sectional view showing a scanning optical devicein a main scanning direction, according to Embodiment 1 of the presentinvention (main scanning sectional view). FIG. 2 is a main partsectional view showing the scanning optical device of FIG. 1 in a subscanning direction (sub scanning sectional view).

Here, the main scanning direction indicates a direction perpendicular tothe rotational axis of a deflection unit and the optical axis of ascanning optical unit (direction of a light flux which is reflected anddeflected (which is deflected for scanning) by the deflection unit). Asub scanning direction indicates a direction parallel to the rotationalaxis of the deflection unit. In addition, a main scanning sectionindicates a plane which is parallel to the main scanning direction andincludes the optical axis of a scanning optical unit. A sub scanningsection indicates a plane perpendicular to the main scanning section.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, light source means 1 is composed of, for example, asemiconductor laser. A condenser lens (collimator lens) 2 serving as afirst optical element converts a divergent light flux emitted from thelight source means 1 into a substantially parallel light flux (orsubstantially convergent light flux). An aperture stop 3 limits apassing light flux to shape it into a beam form. An optical system(cylindrical lens) 4 serving as a second optical element haspredetermined power in only the sub scanning direction. By means of theoptical system 4, the light flux passing through the aperture stop 3 isformed into a substantially linear image on a deflection surface(reflection surface) 5 a of an optical deflector 5 (described later)within the sub scanning section. Note that elements such as thecollimator lens 2, the aperture step 3, and the cylindrical lens 4compose an element of an incident optical system.

The optical deflector 5 serving as the deflection element is composedof, for example, a polygon mirror having four surfaces (rotatingpolygonal mirror) and rotated in a direction indicated by an arrow “A”in FIG. 1 at a constant speed by a drive unit such as a motor (notshown).

A scanning lens system (scanning optical system) 6 serving as a thirdoptical element has a condensing function and an fθ characteristic andis composed of a first toric lens 61 and a second toric lens 62, each ofwhich is made of a plastic material. The first toric lens 61 hasrefractive power mainly in the main scanning direction. The first toriclens 61 is disposed near the optical deflector 5, contributing tocomposing a compact scanning optical device. The second toric lens 62has refractive power mainly in the sub scanning direction. The secondtoric lens 62 is disposed sufficiently apart from the optical deflector5, reducing manufacturing sensitivity of the lens. The first toric lens61 and the second toric lens 62 have refractive powers different fromeach other in the main scanning direction and the sub scanningdirection, respectively. In addition, the first toric lens 61 and thesecond toric lens 62 have a tangle error correcting function in the casewhere a light flux related to image information, which is reflected anddeflected on the optical deflector 5, is imaged onto a photosensitivedrum surface 8 serving as a surface to be scanned, and a conjugaterelationship is made between the deflection surface 5 a of the opticaldeflector 5 and the photosensitive drum surface 8 within the subscanning section.

Reference numeral 65 denotes a protection-against-dust glass.

A synchronous detection optical element serving as a fourth opticalelement (hereinafter indicated as “BD lens”) 73 is composed of ananamorphic lens which has different refractive powers within the mainscanning section and the sub scanning section and is made of a plasticmaterial. By means of the synchronous detection optical lens, a lightflux (BD light flux) is imaged at a position where a synchronousdetection element 72 (described later) is disposed or in the vicinitythereof, within the main scanning section. In addition, the BD lens 73is disposed in a region between an optical path from the light sourcemeans 1 to the optical deflector 5 and an optical path from the opticaldeflector 5 to the surface to be scanned 8.

A synchronous detection unit 7 includes a synchronous detection slit 71(hereinafter indicated as “BD slit”) and an optical sensor serving asthe synchronous detection element (hereinafter indicated as “BD sensor”)72. The BD slit 71 is disposed at a position optically equivalent to thephotosensitive drum surface 8 and determines a write start position ofan image. The synchronous detection unit 7 adjusts a timing of ascanning start position for image recording on the photosensitive drumsurface 8 in the main scanning direction, based on a synchronous signal(BD signal) obtained by detecting an output signal from the BD sensor72.

In this embodiment, the cylindrical lens 4 and the BD lens 73 areindependent of each other. In the case where a point at which a mainlight beam traveling toward the scanning center on the surface to bescanned 8 is deflected on the optical deflector 5 is assumed as areference point P, the cylindrical lens 4 is located at a position whichis farther from the reference point P than the BD lens 73. In otherwords, a distance from the reference point P, which is a deflectionpoint of a light flux traveling toward the scanning center on theoptical deflector 5, to the cylindrical lens 4 is longer than a distanceto the BD lens 73.

Note that the BD slit 71 is integrally formed with a holder member thatholds the semiconductor laser 1. The BD sensor 72 and the semiconductorlaser 1 are both disposed on an electrical board 51. In addition,elements such as the BD lens 73, the BD slit 71, and the BD sensor 72compose an element of a synchronous detection optical system(hereinafter indicated as “BD optical system”).

In this embodiment, a light flux emitted from the semiconductor laser 1is converted into a substantially parallel light flux by the collimatorlens 2. The light flux (the amount of light) is limited by the aperturestop 3 and then incident into the cylindrical lens 4. Of thesubstantially parallel light flux incident into the cylindrical lens 4,a light flux within the main scanning section is exited without changingits optical state. A light flux within the sub scanning section isconverged and imaged as a substantial linear image (linear imageextended in the main scanning direction) onto the deflection surface 5 aof the optical deflector 5. Then, the light flux which is reflected anddeflected on the deflection surface 5 a of the optical deflector 5 isimaged in a spot shape onto the photosensitive drum surface 8 throughthe first toric lens 61, the second toric lens 62, and theprotection-against-dust glass 65. At this time, the optical deflector 5is rotated in a direction indicated by an arrow “A”, so that thephotosensitive drum surface 8 is optically scanned in a directionindicated by an arrow “B” (main scanning direction) at a constant speed.Thus, image recording is conducted on the photosensitive drum surface 8composing a recording medium.

At this time, in order to adjust the timing of the scanning startposition on the photosensitive drum surface 8 before optical scanning isconducted on the photosensitive drum surface 8, a part of the light flux(BD light flux) which is reflected and deflected on the opticaldeflector 5 is condensed onto the surface of the BD slit 71 by the BDlens 73 and then guided to the BD sensor 72. Then, the timing of thescanning start position for image recording on the photosensitive drumsurface 8 is adjusted based on the synchronous signal (BD signal)obtained by detecting an output signal from the BD sensor 72.

Hereinafter, an increase in precision of the synchronous detection andan improvement in coupling efficiency of the collimator lens will bedescribed.

First, with respect to the increase in precision of the synchronousdetection, the synchronous detection precision optically depends on afocal distance f_(BD) of the BD lens 73 within the main scanningsection. This is because the focal distance f_(BD) of the BD lens 73within the main scanning section becomes an angular velocity of a lightflux on the BD sensor 72 (or BD slit). The optical synchronous detectionprecision improves as the focal distance value increases. However, inthe case where the focal distance is long, the BD optical system becomeslarger, so that the entire device cannot be made compact.

Therefore, according to this embodiment, in the case where a focaldistance of the scanning lens system 6 within the main scanning sectionis given as f_(fθ) and the focal distance of the BD lens 73 within themain scanning section is given as f_(BD), respective elements are set soas to satisfy a condition,f _(fθ)/3<f _(BD) <f _(fθ)  (1).Thus, it is possible to make the BD optical system compact whilemaintaining the increase in precision of the synchronous detection.

Next, with respect to the improvement in coupling efficiency of thecollimator lens, in order to improve the coupling efficiency, it isnecessary to set F numbers (F No.) of the collimator lens 2 in the mainscanning direction and the sub scanning direction to be bright. Inaddition, there is a limit to the performance of F number of thecollimator lens 2. Therefore, in order to maximize the couplingefficiency within limited brightness, it is desirable that the F numberin the main scanning direction is made substantially equal to the Fnumber in the sub scanning direction.

However, in many cases, in relation to the optical face tangle errorcorrection, the F number of the collimator lens 2 in the sub scanningdirection is set to become darker than the F number thereof in the mainscanning direction. In particular, in the case of a scanning lens systemwhich has a smaller imaging magnification within the sub scanningsection, such tendency is remarkable. Thus, low coupling efficiency is aproblem.

Therefore, according to this embodiment, the F number in the subscanning direction is set to be no larger than twice as much as the Fnumber in the main scanning direction (a diameter of diaphragm Ds in thesub scanning direction is no smaller than ½ times a diameter ofdiaphragm Dm in the main scanning direction), thereby improving thecoupling efficiency of the collimator lens 2.

In this embodiment, in the case where a spot shape on the surface to bescanned 8 is assumed to be substantially a circle and the F number isgiven by Fi, a diameter of diaphragm D disposed near the collimator lens2 is as follows:main scanning: Dm=f _(fθ) /Fi,sub scanning : Ds=f _(c1)×|β_(fθ) |/Fi.

(f_(c1): focal distance of cylindrical lens within sub scanning section,

β_(fθ): imaging magnification of scanning lens system within subscanning section).

In order to set the diameter of diaphragm Ds in the sub scanningdirection to a value no smaller than 1/2 times the diameter of diaphragmDm in the main scanning direction, it is necessary to satisfyconditions,Dm/2<Ds,f _(c1) >f _(fθ)/(2|β_(fθ)|)  (2).

Here, in order to achieve both the increase in precision of thesynchronous detection and the improvement in coupling efficiency of thecollimator lens 2, it is required that both the above-mentionedconditional expressions (1) and (2) are satisfied. That is, as isapparent from the above-mentioned conditional expressions, it ispreferable to lengthen both the focal distance f_(BD) of the BD lens 73within the main scanning section and the focal distance f_(cl) of thecylindrical lens 4 within the sub scanning section.

Therefore, in this embodiment, in order to compactly dispose an opticalsystem while satisfying these conditions, the cylindrical lens 4 and theBD lens 73 each are composed of a separate optical element. In addition,assuming the deflection point P, at which a light flux traveling towardthe scanning center is deflected on the optical deflector 5, as areference, the distance from the deflection point P to the cylindricallens 4 is made longer than the distance to the BD lens 73.

Note that the distance from the deflection point P to the opticalelement (lens) indicates an optical path length measured along an actualoptical path. In the case where a reflecting mirror is disposed on anoptical path to deflect a light flux, the optical path is used formeasuring the optical path length.

Parameter values of the respective elements in the scanning opticaldevice according to this embodiment are as follows:

focal distance of scanning lens system within main scanning sectionf_(fθ)=150;

imaging magnification of scanning lens system within sub scanningsection |β_(fθ)|=1.38;

focal distance of cylindrical lens within sub scanning sectionf_(c1)=94.0;

focal distance of BD lens within main scanning section f_(BD)=76.4.

The above-mentioned parameter values satisfy the conditional expressions(1), and (2).

In this embodiment, the conditions.50 <f _(BD) <150  (1),f _(c1)>54.4  (2)may be satisfied. Both the focal distance f_(c1) of the cylindrical lens4 within the sub scanning section and the focal distance f_(BD) of theBD lens 73 within the main scanning section satisfy these conditions.

As described above, according to this embodiment., the cylindrical lens4 and the BD lens 73 each are composed of a separate optical element. Inaddition, assuming the deflection point P, at which the light fluxtraveling toward the scanning center is deflected on the opticaldeflector 5, as the reference, the distance from the deflection point Pto the cylindrical lens 4 is made longer than the distance to the BDlens 73. Thus, the incident optical system and the BD optical system inwhich the increase in precision of the synchronous detection and theimprovement in coupling efficiency of the collimator lens 2 are bothachieved can be compactly and simply constructed.

Note that, the scanning lens system 6 is composed of two lenses in thisembodiment. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Thescanning lens system 6 may be composed of, for example, a single lens orthree or more lenses. In addition, the BD sensor and the semiconductorlaser are disposed on the same electrical board in this embodiment.However, the present invention is not limited to this. The BD sensor andthe semiconductor laser may be disposed on different electrical boards.

(Embodiment 2)

FIG. 3 is a main part sectional view showing a scanning optical devicein the main scanning direction, according to Embodiment 2 of the presentinvention. In FIG. 3, the same reference numerals are provided to thesame elements as shown in FIG. 1.

In this embodiment, points different from the above-mentioned Embodiment1 are that: a multi-beam semiconductor laser is used as the light sourcemeans; a reflecting mirror 77 is disposed in an incident optical systemand a BD optical system; and the focal distance of the cylindrical lens4 and the focal distance of the BD lens 74 are changed accordingly.Other structures and optical actions are substantially the same asEmbodiment 1, and the same effect is obtained.

In other words, in FIG. 1, light source means (multi-beam light source)11 is composed of a separately modulatable multi-beam semiconductorlaser. The reflecting mirror 77 changes an optical path and disposed inthe incident optical system and the BD optical system. A synchronousdetection optical element 74 serving as a fourth optical element (BDlens) is composed of an anamorphic lens which has different refractivepowers within the main scanning section and the sub scanning section andis made of a plastic material. By means of the synchronous detectionoptical lens, a light flux (BD light flux) is imaged at a position wherethe BD sensor 72 is disposed or at the vicinity thereof, within the mainscanning section.

In this embodiment, a plurality of light fluxes which are independentlymodulated by the multi-beam semiconductor laser 11 and exited therefromare converted into substantially parallel light fluxes by the collimatorlens 2. The substantially parallel light fluxes (the amount of light) islimited by the aperture stop 3 and then incident into the cylindricallens 4. Of the light fluxes incident into the cylindrical lens 4, lightfluxes within the main scanning section are exited without changingtheir optical state, reflected on the reflecting mirror 77, and incidentinto the deflection surface 5 a of the optical deflector 5. Light fluxeswithin the sub scanning section are converged, reflected on thereflecting mirror 77, and imaged as a substantial linear image (linearimage extended in the main scanning direction) onto the deflectionsurface 5 a of the optical deflector 5. Then, the plurality of lightfluxes which are reflected and deflected on the deflection surface 5 aof the optical deflector 5 are imaged in spot shapes onto thephotosensitive drum surface 8 through the first toric lens 61, thesecond toric lens 62, and the protection-against-dust glass 65. At thistime, the optical deflector 5 is rotated in the direction indicated bythe arrow “A”, so that the photosensitive drum surface 8 is opticallyscanned in the direction indicated by the arrow “B” (main scanningdirection) at a constant speed. Thus, image recording is conducted onthe photosensitive drum surface 8 composing a recording medium.

At this time, in order to adjust the timing of the scanning startposition on the photosensitive drum surface 8 before optical scanning isconducted on the photosensitive drum surface 8, a part of the lightfluxes (BD light fluxes) which are reflected and deflected on theoptical deflector 5 is condensed onto the surface of the BD slit 71through the reflecting mirror 77 by the BD lens 74 and then guided tothe BD sensor 72. Then, the timing of the scanning start position forimage recording on the photosensitive drum surface 8 is adjusted basedon the synchronous signal (BD signal) obtained by detecting an outputsignal from the BD sensor 72.

Note that, although not used in this embodiment, an additional opticalelement may be provided near the BD slit 71 to obtain a substantialconjugate relationship between the reflecting mirror 77 and the BDsensor 72 with respect to the sub scanning section. In the case wheresuch an optical element is used, an irradiation position on the BDsensor 72, which is changed due to a tangle error of the reflectingmirror 77 can be corrected.

In this embodiment, the reflecting mirror 77 is disposed on the opticalpath from the light source means 11 to the optical deflector 5 and onthe optical path from the optical deflector 5 to the BD sensor 72.Accordingly, there is an advantage in that a long optical path lengthcan be ensured while keeping the incident optical system and the BDoptical system compact. In particular, in the case of the multi-beamscanning optical device, in order to detect the synchronization of theplurality of light fluxes by the single BD sensor 72, it is necessary tosufficiently separate the light fluxes from one another on the BD sensor72 in the main scanning direction. Thus, it is required that the focaldistance of the BD lens 74 within the main scanning section is furtherlengthened.

Parameter values of the respective elements in the scanning opticaldevice according to this embodiment are as follows:

focal distance of scanning lens system within main scanning sectionf_(fθ)=150;

imaging magnification of scanning lens system within sub scanningsection |β_(fθ)|=1.38;

focal distance of cylindrical lens within sub scanning sectionf_(c1)=114;

focal distance of BD lens within main scanning section f_(BD)=96.

The above-mentioned parameter values satisfy the conditional expressions(1) and (2).

In this embodiment, the conditions50<f_(BD)<150  (1),f_(c1)>54.4  (2)may be satisfied. Both the focal distance f_(c1) of the cylindrical lens4 within the sub scanning section and the focal distance f_(BD) of theBD lens 74 within the main scanning section satisfy these conditions.

Also, in this embodiment, a relationship expression,f _(c1)×|β_(fθ) |≡f _(fθ)is established. In other words, because a diameter of diaphragm on thesurface to be scanned 8 becomes substantially a circle and thus the Fnumber in the main scanning direction becomes equal to the F number inthe sub scanning direction. Therefore, the coupling efficiency of thecollimator lens 2 can be further improved.

As described above, according to this embodiment, as in theabove-mentioned Embodiment 1, the cylindrical lens 4 and the BD lens 74each are composed of a separate optical element. In addition, assumingthe deflection point P, at which the light flux traveling toward thescanning center is deflected on the optical deflector 5, as thereference, the distance from the deflection point P to the cylindricallens 4 is made longer than the distance to the BD lens 74. Thus, theincident optical system and the BD optical system in which the increasein precision of the synchronous detection and the improvement incoupling efficiency of the collimator lens 2 are both achieved can becompactly and simply constructed.

Further, with respect to the feature inherent in this embodiment, thereflecting mirror 77 is disposed on the optical path from the lightsource means 11 to the optical deflector 5 and on the optical path fromthe optical deflector 5 to the BD sensor 72. Therefore, a long opticalpath length can be ensured while keeping the incident optical system andthe BD optical system compact. Therefore, the plurality of light fluxesare easily separated from one another on the BD sensor 72 and thecoupling efficiency of the collimator lens 2 can be further improved.

Image Forming Apparatus

FIG. 4 is a main part sectional view showing an image forming apparatusin the sub scanning direction, according to an embodiment of the presentinvention. In FIG. 4, reference numeral 104 denotes an image formingapparatus. Code data Dc is inputted from an external device 117 such asa personal computer to the image forming apparatus 104. The code data Dcis converted into image data (dot data) Di by a printer controller 111in the image forming apparatus 104. The image data Di is inputted to anoptical scanning unit 100 having the structure indicated in Embodiments1 and 2. A light beam 103 modulated according to the image data Di isemitted from the optical scanning unit 100, and the photosensitivesurface of a photosensitive drum 101 is scanned with the light beam 103in the main scanning direction.

The photosensitive drum 101 serving as an electrostatic latent imagebearing member (photosensitive member) is rotated clockwise by a motor115. According to the rotation, the photosensitive surface of thephotosensitive drum 101 is moved in the sub scanning directionorthogonal to the main scanning direction with respect to the light beam103. A charging roller 102 for uniformly charging the surface of thephotosensitive drum 101 is provided above the photosensitive drum 101 soas to be contact with the surface thereof. The surface of thephotosensitive drum 101, which is charged by the charging roller 102, isirradiated with the light beam 103 for scanning by the optical scanningunit 100.

As described earlier, the light beam 103 is modulated according to theimage data Di. The surface of the photosensitive drum 101 is irradiatedwith the light beam 103 to form an electrostatic latent image thereon.The electrostatic latent image is developed as a toner image by adeveloping unit 107 provided in the downstream side from the irradiationposition of the light beam 103 in the rotational direction of thephotosensitive drum 101 so as to be contact with the photosensitive drum101.

The toner image developed by the developing unit 107 is transferred ontoa sheet 112 serving as a material to be transferred by a transfer roller108 provided below the photosensitive drum 101 so as to oppose to thephotosensitive drum 101. The sheet 112 is contained in a sheet cassette109 located in the front (right side in FIG. 4) of the photosensitivedrum 101. Manual feed is also possible. A feed roller 110 is provided inthe end portion of the sheet cassette 109. The sheet 112 in the sheetcassette 109 is sent to a transport path.

By the above operation, the sheet 112 to which an unfixed toner image istransferred is further transported to a fixing device located in therear (left side in FIG. 4) of the photosensitive drum 101. The fixingdevice is composed of a fixing roller 113 having a fixing heater (notshown) therein and a pressure roller 114 provided to press the fixingroller 113. The sheet 112 transported from the transferring part isheated while it is pressurized by the press-contacting part between thefixing. roller 113 and the pressure roller 114, so that the unfixedtoner image on the sheet 112 is fixed. Further, a delivery roller 116 isprovided in the rear of the fixing roller 113, and the sheet 112 withthe fixed toner image is delivered to the outside of the image formingapparatus.

Although not shown in FIG. 4, the printer controller 111 conducts notonly data conversion described earlier but also control of each part ofthe image forming apparatus, which is represented by the motor 115,control of a polygon motor in an optical scanning unit as describedlater, and the like.

(Embodiment 3)

FIG. 5 is a main part sectional view showing a scanning optical devicein the main scanning direction, according to Embodiment 3 of the presentinvention (main scanning sectional view). FIG. 6 is a main partsectional view showing the scanning optical device of FIG. 5 in the subscanning direction (sub scanning sectional view). In FIGS. 5 and 6, thesame reference numerals are provided to the same elements as shown inFIG. 1.

In this embodiment, points different from the above-mentioned Embodiment1 are that: the present invention is applied to a tandem type scanningoptical device in which a plurality of surfaces to be scanned 8 a to 8 dare simultaneously scanned with light fluxes emitted from a plurality oflight source means 1 a to 1 d; and the tandem type scanning opticaldevice is mounted on a color image forming apparatus. Other structuresand optical actions are substantially the same as Embodiment 1, and thesame effect is obtained.

In other words, in FIGS. 5 and 6, SK1 denotes a first scanner and SK2denotes a second scanner. The first scanner SK1 includes: light sourcemeans (1 a, 1 b); collimator lenses (2 a, 2 b) that convert a pluralityof light fluxes emitted from the light source means (1 a, 1 b) intosubstantially parallel light fluxes; aperture stops (3 a, 3 b) thatregulate the plurality of light fluxes from the collimator lenses (2 a,2 b); cylindrical lenses (4 a, 4 b) that image the plurality of lightfluxes as linear images extended in the main scanning direction; thesingle optical deflector 5 serving as a deflection element; and scanninglens systems (SLa, SLb) that form the plurality of light fluxes whichare reflected and deflected on the optical deflector 5 in spot shapes oncorresponding photosensitive drum surfaces (8 a, 8 b) serving assurfaces to be scanned. The second scanner SK2 includes: light sourcemeans (1 c, 1 d); collimator lenses (2 c, 2 d) that convert a pluralityof light fluxes emitted from the light source means (1 c, 1 d) intosubstantially parallel light fluxes; aperture stops (3 c, 3 d) thatregulate the plurality of light fluxes from the collimator lenses (2 c,2 d); cylindrical lenses (4 c, 4 d) that image the plurality of lightfluxes as linear images extended in the main scanning direction; thesingle optical deflector 5 serving as a deflection element; and scanninglens systems (SLc, SLd) that form the plurality of light fluxes whichare reflected and deflected on the optical deflector 5 in spot shapes oncorresponding photosensitive drum surfaces (8 c, 8 d) serving assurfaces to be scanned.

The scanning lens systems (SLa, SLb, SLc, SLd) each have two toriclenses, i.e., first and second toric lenses (63 ab, 64 a, 64 b; 63 cd,64 c, 64 d), each of which is made of a plastic material. According tothe scanning lens systems, the plurality of light fluxes which arereflected and deflected on the optical deflector 5 are imaged in spotshapes onto the corresponding photosensitive drum surfaces (8 a, 8 b, 8c, 8 d). In addition, the scanning lens systems (SLa, SLb, SLc, SLd)each have a tangle error correcting function in the case where aconjugate relationship is made between the vicinity of the reflectionsurface 5 a of the optical deflector 5 and the vicinity of thephotosensitive drum surfaces (8 a, 8 b, 8 c, 8 d) within the subscanning section.

A synchronous detection optical lens serving as a fourth optical element(BD lens) 75 is composed of an anamorphic lens which has differentrefractive powers within the main scanning section and the sub scanningsection and is made of a plastic material. By means of the synchronousdetection optical lens, a light flux (BD light flux) is imaged at theposition where a synchronous detection element 72 is disposed or in thevicinity thereof, within the main scanning section.

In this embodiment, the same optical deflector 5 is commonly used forthe first scanner SK1 and the second scanner SK2. In addition, a lightflux which is reflected and deflected on a different deflection surfaceof the optical deflector 5 is used for each of the first scanner SK1 andthe second scanner SK2.

In this embodiment, a plurality of light fluxes emitted from theplurality of light source means (semiconductor lasers) 1 a to 1 d areconverted into substantially parallel light fluxes by the collimatorlenses 2 a to 2 d. The light fluxes (the amount of light) are limited bythe aperture stops 3 a to 3 d and then incident into the cylindricallenses 4 a to 4 d. Of the substantially parallel light fluxes incidentinto the cylindrical lens 4 a to 4 d, light fluxes within the mainscanning section exits without being changed in its optical state. Lightfluxes within the sub scanning section are converged and imaged assubstantial linear images (linear images extended in the main scanningdirection) onto the deflection surfaces of the optical deflector 5.Then, the plurality of light fluxes which are reflected and deflected onthe deflection surfaces of the optical deflector 5 are imaged in spotshapes onto the photosensitive drum surfaces 8 a to 8 d through thescanning lens systems (SLa, SLb, SLc, SLd) and protection-against-dustglasses 65 a to 65 d. At this time, the optical deflector 5 is rotatedin a direction indicated by an arrow A, so that the photosensitive drumsurfaces 8 a to 8 d are optically scanned in a direction indicated by anarrow B (main scanning direction) at a constant speed. Consequently,image recording is conducted on the photosensitive drum surfaces 8 a to8 d composing recording mediums.

At this time, in order to adjust the timing of the scanning startposition on the photosensitive drum surfaces 8 a to 8 d before opticalscanning is conducted on the photosensitive drum surfaces 8 a to 8 d, apart of the light fluxes (BD light fluxes) which are reflected anddeflected on the optical deflector 5 is condensed onto the surface ofthe BD slit 71 by the BD lens 75 and then guided to the BD sensor 72.Then, the timing of the scanning start position for image recording oneach of the photosensitive drum surfaces 8 a to 8 d is adjusted based onthe synchronous signal (BD signal) obtained by detecting an outputsignal from the BD sensor 72.

Note that, in this embodiment, the single optical deflector is used andapplied to a tandem type scanning optical device in which a part oftoric lenses (scanning optical elements) is commonly used for aplurality of light fluxes. However, the present invention is not limitedto this. For example, the present invention can be achieved for alltandem type scanning optical devices regardless of the number of opticalelements such as optical deflectors, toric lenses, or cylindricallenses, and there is no limitation on the number of optical elements.

Also, in this embodiment, the synchronous detection is conducted usingonly the single BD light flux and the other BD light fluxes arecontrolled based on the synchronous signal obtained from signal data ofthe other BD light fluxes in consideration of a divisional error and thelike. The number of BD light fluxes for direct synchronous detection maybe increased to two or more and the present invention is not limited tothe number of BD light fluxes.

Parameter values of the respective elements in the scanning opticaldevice according to this embodiment are as follows:

focal distance of scanning lens system within main scanning sectionf_(fθ)=150;

imaging magnification of scanning lens system within sub scanningsection |β_(fθ)|=1.38;

focal distance of cylindrical lens within sub scanning sectionf_(c1)=96;

focal distance of BD lens within main scanning section f_(BD)=76.4.

The above-mentioned parameter values satisfy the conditional expressions(1) and (2).

In this embodiment, the conditions50<f_(BD)<150  (1),f_(c1)>54.4  (2)may be satisfied. Both the focal distance f_(c1) of the cylindrical lens4 within the sub scanning section and the focal distance f_(BD) of theBD lens 73 within the main scanning section satisfy these conditions.

According to this embodiment, in order to compactly dispose an opticalsystem while satisfying these conditions, the cylindrical lens 4 and theBD lens 75 each are composed of a separate optical element. In addition,in the case where the deflection point P at which the light fluxtraveling toward the scanning center is deflected on the opticaldeflector 5 is assumed as the reference, the distance to the cylindricallens 4 becomes longer than the distance to the BD lens 75. Thus, theincident optical system and the BD optical system can be compactly andsimply constructed, the systems attaining higher precision in thesynchronous detection while attaining improvement in the couplingefficiency of the collimator lens 2.

Color Image Forming Apparatus

FIG. 7 is a main part schematic diagram showing a color image formingapparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. Thisembodiment shows a tandem type color image forming apparatus thatirradiates the surface of a photosensitive drum serving as an imagebearing member with four light fluxes from a scanning optical device torecord image information. In FIG. 7, reference numeral 260 denotes acolor image forming apparatus; 210, a scanning optical device having thestructure described in Embodiment 3; 221, 222, 223 and 224, respectivephotosensitive drums serving as image bearing members; and 231, 232,233, and 234, respective developing units.

In FIG. 7, respective color signals of R (red), G (green), and B (blue)are inputted from an external device 270 such as a personal computer tothe color image forming apparatus 260. The color signals are convertedinto respective image data (dot data) of C (cyan), M (magenta), Y(yellow), and B (black) by a printer controller 271 in the color imageforming apparatus 260. These image data are inputted to the scanningoptical device 210. Light beams 103 modulated according to therespective image data are emitted from the scanning optical device 210.The photosensitive surfaces of the photosensitive drums 221, 222, 223and 224 are scanned with the light beams in the main scanning direction.

According to the color image forming apparatus in this embodiment, asdescribed above, latent images of the respective colors are formed onthe corresponding surfaces of the photosensitive drums 221, 222, 223 and224 using four light fluxes which correspond to respective color lightfluxes from the scanning optical device and are based on image data.After that, multi-transfer is conducted on a recording material toproduce a full color image.

For example, a color image reading apparatus including a CCD sensor maybe used as the external device 270. In this case, the color imagereading apparatus and the color image forming apparatus 260 compose acolor digital copying machine.

As described above, according to this embodiment, as in Embodiment 1,the cylindrical lens and the BD lens each are composed of a separateoptical element. In addition, in the case where the deflection point Pat which the light flux traveling toward the scanning center isdeflected on the optical deflector 5 is assumed as the reference, it isconstructed such that the distance to the cylindrical lens becomeslonger than the distance to the BD lens. Thus, the incident opticalsystem and the BD optical system can be compactly and simplyconstructed, the systems attaining higher precision in the synchronousdetection while attaining improvement in the coupling efficiency of thecollimator lens.

Further, with respect to the feature inherent in this embodiment, thepresent invention is applied to the tandem type scanning optical deviceand the color image forming apparatus. Thus, even in the case of atandem type scanning optical device in which the number of parts islarge and the degree of freedom in arrangements is small, thesynchronous detection can be easily conducted in compact arrangements.

According to the present invention, as described above, the cylindricallens and the synchronous detection optical element each are composed ofa separate optical element. In addition, in the case where the point atwhich a main light beam traveling toward the scanning center on thesurface to be scanned is deflected on the deflection element is assumedas the reference point, the cylindrical lens is located at a positionwhich is farther from the reference point than the synchronous detectionoptical element. Thus, there can be achieved a scanning optical devicein which the incident optical system and the synchronous detectionoptical system can be compactly and simply constructed, the systemsattaining higher precision in the synchronous detection while attainingimprovement in the coupling efficiency of the collimator lens. Inaddition, an image forming apparatus using the scanning optical devicecan be achieved.

1. A scanning optical apparatus comprising: light source means; a firstoptical element that converts a light flux emitted from the light sourcemeans; a second optical element that converts the light flux emittedfrom the first optical element into a longitudinal linear image in amain scanning direction; a deflection element that scanningly deflectsthe light flux emitted from the second optical element; a third opticalelement that guides the light flux deflected by the deflection elementto a surface to be scanned; a synchronous detection element that obtainsa synchronous signal; and a fourth optical element that guides the lightflux deflected by the deflection element to the synchronous detectionelement, wherein in a case where a point at which a principal raytraveling toward a scanning center on the surface to be scanned isdeflected by the deflection element is assumed as a deflection point,the second optical element is located at a position which is fartherfrom the deflection point than the further optical element, and whereinin a case where a focal distance of the third optical element within amain scanning section is given as f_(fθ) and a focal distance of thefourth optical element within the main scanning section is given asf_(BD), a condition,f_(fθ)/3<f _(BD)<f_(fθ) is satisfied.
 2. A scanning optical apparatuscomprising: light source means; a first optical element that converts alight flux emitted from the light source means; a second optical elementthat converts the light flux emitted from the first optical element intoa longitudinal linear image in a main scanning direction; a deflectionelement that scanningly deflects the light flux emitted from the secondoptical element; a third optical element that guides the light fluxdeflected by the deflection element to a surface to be scanned; asynchronous detection element that obtains a synchronous signal; and afourth optical element that guides the light flux deflected by thedeflection element to the synchronous detection element, wherein in acase where a point at which a principal ray traveling toward a scanningcenter on the surface to be scanned is deflected by the deflectionelement is assumed as a deflection point, the second optical element islocated at a position which is farther from the deflection point thanthe further optical element, and wherein in a case where a focaldistance of the third optical element within a main scanning section isgiven as f_(fθ), an imaging magnification of the third optical elementwithin a sub scanning section is given as β_(fθ), and a focal distanceof the second optical element within the sub scanning section is givenas f_(cl), a condition,f_(cl)>f_(fθ)/(2|β_(fθ)|) is satisfied.
 3. An image forming apparatus,comprising: a scanning optical device according to either one of claims1 or 2; a photosensitive member disposed on a surface to be scanned; adeveloping unit that develops, as a toner image, an electrostatic latentimage, which is formed on the photosensitive member scanned by thescanning optical device using a light flux; a transferring unit thattransfers the developed toner image to a material to be transferred; anda fixing device that fixes the transferred toner image to the materialto be transferred.
 4. An image forming apparatus, comprising: a scanningoptical device according to either one of claims 1 or 2; and a printercontroller that converts code data inputted from an external device intoan image signal and outputs the image signal to the scanning opticaldevice.
 5. A scanning optical apparatus for scanning a plurality ofsurfaces to be scanned, comprising: a plurality of light source means; apluarlity of first optical elements that convert light fluxes emittedfrom the plurality of light source means; at least one second opticalelement that converts the plurality of light fluxes emitted from theplurality of first optical elements into longitudinal linear images in amain scanning direction; at least one deflection element that scanninglydeflects the plurality of light fluxes from the at least one secondoptical element; at least one third optical element that guides theplurality of light fluxes emitted from the at least one deflectionelement to the plurality of surfaces to be scanned; at least onesynchronous detection element that obtains a synchronous signal; and atleast one fourth optical element that guides the plurality of lightfluxes emitted from the at least one deflection element to the at leastone synchronous detection element, wherein in a case where a point atwhich a principal ray traveling toward a scanning center on the surfaceto be scanned is deflected by the deflection element is assumed as adeflection point, the second optical element is located at a positionwhich is farther from the deflection point than the fourth opticalelement, and wherein in a case where a focal distance of the thirdoptical element within a main scanning section is given as f_(fθ) and afocal distance of the fourth optical element within the main scanningsection is given f_(BD), a condition,f_(fθ)/3<f_(BD)<f_(fθ)
 6. A scanning optical apparatus for scanning aplurality of surfaces to be scanned, comprising: a plurality of lightsource means; a plurality of first optical elements that convert lightfluxes emitted from the plurality of light source means; at least onesecond optical element that converts the plurality of light fluxesemitted from the plurality of first optical elements into longitudinallinear images in a main scanning direction; at least one deflectionelement that scanningly deflects the plurality of light fluxes from theat least one second optical element; at least one third optical elementthat guides the plurality of light fluxes emitted from the at least onedeflection element to the plurality of surfaces to be scanned; at leastone synchronous detection element that obtains a synchronous signal; andat least fourth optical element that guides the plurality of lightfluxes emitted from the at least one deflection element to the at leastone synchronous detection element, wherein in a case where a point atwhich a principal ray traveling toward a scanning center on the surfaceto be scanned is deflected by the deflection element is assumed as adeflection point, the second optical element is located at a positionwhich is farther from the deflection point than the fourth opticalelement, and wherein in a case where a focal distance of the thirdoptical element within a main scanning section is given as f_(fθ), animaging magnification of the third optical element within a sub scanningsection is given as β_(fθ), and a focal distance of the second opticalelement within the sub scanning section is given as f_(c1), a condition,f_(c1)>f_(fθ)/(2|β_(fθ)|) is satisfied.
 7. A color image formingapparatus, comprising: a scanning optical device according to either oneof claims 5 or 6; a plurality of photosensitive members disposed on theplurality of surfaces to be scanned; a plurality of developing unitsthat develop, as toner images, electrostatic latent images, which areformed on the photosensitive members scanned by the scanning opticaldevice using the plurality of light fluxes; a plurality of transferringunits that transfer the developed toner images to materials to betransferred; and a fixing device that fixes the transferred toner imagesto the materials to be transferred.
 8. A color image forming apparatus,comprising: a scanning optical device according to either one of claims5 or 6; and a printer controller that converts code data inputted froman external device into an image signal and outputs the image signal tothe scanning optical device.